Implementation: Outputs are primarily focussed on informing policy decisions to inform optimum investment across the biosecurity continuum (e.g. MPI teams across Biosecurity NZ) and funding entities (e.g. B3, BHNSC). Knowledge transfer is mainly through peer reviewed publications. Outputs from sub-projects targeting model systems and approaches and will be implemented by relevant stakeholders (e.g. MPI Science & Risk, Surveillance, GIA).